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Job description · Mental Health Counselors

Mental Health Counselor job description: duties, skills and qualifications.

The 16 core duties O*NET lists for mental health counselors, the skills, knowledge and education the work calls for, BLS outlook, and an illustrative job description you can adapt.

Updated Nov 9, 2026 · Data: O*NET 31.0 · BLS Employment Projections 2025–35 · BLS OEWS May 2025
Quick answer

Mental Health Counselors counsel and advise individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health, with an emphasis on prevention. The duties occupation experts rate most important: maintain confidentiality of records relating to clients' treatment; encourage clients to express their feelings and discuss what is happening in their lives, helping them to develop insight into themselves or their relationships; and counsel clients or patients, individually or in group sessions, to assist in overcoming dependencies, adjusting to life, or making changes.

Core duties
16
O*NET task statements
Preparation
Job Zone 5 of 5
extensive preparation
Responsibilities

The 16 core duties of a Mental Health Counselor

Data O*NET classifies these tasks as core to the occupation, ranked here by the importance occupation experts gave them (1 to 5).

  1. Maintain confidentiality of records relating to clients' treatment. importance 5.0 of 5
  2. Encourage clients to express their feelings and discuss what is happening in their lives, helping them to develop insight into themselves or their relationships. importance 4.9 of 5
  3. Counsel clients or patients, individually or in group sessions, to assist in overcoming dependencies, adjusting to life, or making changes. importance 4.8 of 5
  4. Perform crisis interventions to help ensure the safety of the patients and others. importance 4.8 of 5
  5. Fill out and maintain client-related paperwork, including federal- and state-mandated forms, client diagnostic records, and progress notes. importance 4.8 of 5
  6. Assess patients for risk of suicide attempts. importance 4.8 of 5
  7. Perform crisis interventions with clients. importance 4.8 of 5
  8. Guide clients in the development of skills or strategies for dealing with their problems. importance 4.8 of 5
  9. Prepare and maintain all required treatment records and reports. importance 4.7 of 5
  10. Develop and implement treatment plans based on clinical experience and knowledge. importance 4.6 of 5
  11. Collect information about clients through interviews, observation, or tests. importance 4.5 of 5
  12. Modify treatment activities or approaches as needed to comply with changes in clients' status. importance 4.5 of 5
  13. Evaluate the effectiveness of counseling programs on clients' progress in resolving identified problems and moving towards defined objectives. importance 4.4 of 5
  14. Evaluate clients' physical or mental condition, based on review of client information. importance 4.3 of 5
  15. Supervise other counselors, social service staff, assistants, or graduate students. importance 4.2 of 5
  16. Discuss with individual patients their plans for life after leaving therapy. importance 4.2 of 5

Work activities O*NET rates most important here: Assisting and Caring for Others, Getting Information, Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships, Making Decisions and Solving Problems and Documenting/Recording Information.

Skills and knowledge

What a mental health counselor job asks you to be good at

Data O*NET importance ratings for this occupation, highest first.

Social PerceptivenessActive ListeningSpeakingReading ComprehensionWritingJudgment and Decision MakingCritical ThinkingService Orientation

Knowledge areas: Therapy and Counseling, Psychology, Customer and Personal Service, English Language and Sociology and Anthropology.

Software O*NET lists for this occupation: Microsoft Access, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office software, Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Word. These are examples O*NET records for the job, not a list of tools every employer uses or a checklist of what you must know.

Qualifications

Education and experience for mental health counselors

Data BLS Employment Projections 2025–35 and O*NET 31.0.

  • Preparation: O*NET places the job in Job Zone 5 of 5 (extensive preparation). Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations.
  • Licenses and certifications: not listed here. A license is a legal requirement set by a state; a certification is a credential from a private or professional body. Rules vary by state and employer, and a missing entry on this page does not mean none is required: check with your state's licensing board and see how to become a mental health counselor.

Most O*NET's occupation experts for this occupation (89%) name a master's degree as the education the job requires.

Sample job description

Mental Health Counselor job description template

Advice Assembled from the O*NET and BLS data on this page. Copy it, then replace every bracket.

Template · illustrative
Job title: Mental Health Counselor
[Company] · [City, State] · [Full-time or part-time] · [Pay range, where your state requires one]

About the role
[Company] is hiring a Mental Health Counselor to counsel and advise individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health, with an emphasis on prevention.
[One sentence on your team and why this role matters.]

What you will do
- Maintain confidentiality of records relating to clients' treatment.
- Encourage clients to express their feelings and discuss what is happening in their lives, helping them to develop insight into themselves or their relationships.
- Counsel clients or patients, individually or in group sessions, to assist in overcoming dependencies, adjusting to life, or making changes.
- Perform crisis interventions to help ensure the safety of the patients and others.
- Fill out and maintain client-related paperwork, including federal- and state-mandated forms, client diagnostic records, and progress notes.
- Assess patients for risk of suicide attempts.
- Perform crisis interventions with clients.
- Guide clients in the development of skills or strategies for dealing with their problems.

What we are looking for
- [Education this role truly needs]
- Strength in social perceptiveness, active listening and speaking
- Working knowledge of Therapy and Counseling and Psychology
- [Software your team uses, e.g. Microsoft Access or Microsoft Excel]
- [Any license or certification your state or company requires]

[Schedule, benefits and how to apply]

Illustrative: every name, employer, school, date and number in these samples is fictional or a bracketed placeholder. Replace each bracket with your own true details; never copy a result you did not achieve.

Not a real job posting. This template is TryHired's illustration built from government occupational data. It is not an opening at any employer, and no employer wrote it.

Pay and outlook

What mental health counselors earn and where the job is headed

Data BLS OEWS May 2025 and BLS Employment Projections 2025–35.

See the full mental health counselor salary breakdown by percentile, state and metro.

Using it in your search

How to read a mental health counselor job description

Advice

  • Read a real mental health counselor posting next to the core duties above. Duties it repeats, such as “Maintain confidentiality of records relating to clients' treatment”, tell you what that employer weighs most; anything it adds is specific to that team.
  • Tailor your resume to the posting, not to this page: describe only mental health counselor work you have actually done, with your own results.
  • Prepare a story for each of the top-rated skills (social perceptiveness and active listening).
Explore the role

More on mental health counselors

FAQ

Questions people ask

What does a mental health counselor do?
Mental Health Counselors counsel and advise individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health, with an emphasis on prevention.
What are the main duties of a mental health counselor?
The core duties O*NET lists include: maintain confidentiality of records relating to clients' treatment; encourage clients to express their feelings and discuss what is happening in their lives, helping them to develop insight into themselves or their relationships; counsel clients or patients, individually or in group sessions, to assist in overcoming dependencies, adjusting to life, or making changes; perform crisis interventions to help ensure the safety of the patients and others; fill out and maintain client-related paperwork, including federal- and state-mandated forms, client diagnostic records, and progress notes.
What qualifications does a mental health counselor need?
Preparation: O*NET places the job in Job Zone 5 of 5 (extensive preparation). Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations.
What skills does a mental health counselor need?
O*NET rates these skills most important: social perceptiveness, active listening, speaking, reading comprehension and writing. Key knowledge areas: therapy and counseling, psychology and customer and personal service.
Is the sample job description a real posting?
No. It is an illustrative template TryHired assembled from O*NET and BLS data for this occupation. Every bracket is a placeholder for the employer to fill in.
Method

How this page is built

Duties, work activities, skills, knowledge, software and the Job Zone come from O*NET 31.0 for O*NET-SOC 21-1014.00 (Mental Health Counselors), the occupation TryHired's mental health counselor page maps this job to. Task importance is rated 1 to 5 by occupation experts. Typical entry-level education, experience, training and projections come from BLS Employment Projections 2025–35; pay from BLS OEWS May 2025. The sample job description is an illustrative template assembled from those data, not a real posting.

This page includes information from the O*NET® 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. TryHired has modified all or some of this information. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.

What this page can't tell you
  • How a specific employer defines the job: real postings differ by team and location.
  • Junior, mid-level and senior versions of the job: O*NET and BLS describe the occupation as a whole, so this page does not invent levels.
  • Licensing or certification rules where you live.
Sources
  1. O*NET 31.0 Database, U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under the CC BY 4.0 license. TryHired selected, ranked and combined the data; O*NET is not responsible for these pages.
  2. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program, occupational projections 2025–35 (typical entry-level education, work experience, on-the-job training, projected employment and openings; public domain).
  3. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025 estimates (public domain).